Fixing 'AnyOf Is Empty' Error In Neuron AI

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AnyOf is Empty even though it defined in the output structure

Understanding the 'AnyOf is Empty' Error in Neuron AI

So, you're banging your head against the wall because you're seeing this cryptic error: Invalid schema for response_format 'ProductSearchResponse': [] should be non-empty. when using OpenAI or Grok with Neuron AI. You've defined your output structure, added all the necessary props, and yet, the AI is throwing a tantrum. This usually means the anyOf field, which tells the AI what kind of data to expect, is empty, even though you've defined it. Let's dive into why this happens and how to fix it, making sure your AI plays nice.

First off, the anyOf error in the context of OpenAI (and similar AI services) indicates that the schema you're providing for the expected response format is not correctly specifying the possible data structures that the AI can return. When the AI doesn't know what to expect, it refuses to play ball, resulting in a 400 Bad Request. The error message [] should be non-empty is a clear indicator that the anyOf array within your schema is empty, which is a problem because it's supposed to list the possible valid schemas for the response. To resolve this, you need to ensure that your data classes and the way you're using annotations like SchemaProperty and ArrayOf are correctly defining the structure, so the schema generator can properly populate the anyOf field. This often involves verifying that nested classes are correctly structured and that annotations are being interpreted as expected. Make sure that the nested classes like Hit and PlatformBlock are correctly defined and that the ArrayOf annotations are correctly pointing to these classes.

Diving Deeper into the Code

Let's break down the code you've provided. You've got three classes: Hit, PlatformBlock, and ProductSearchResponse. Each class uses SchemaProperty annotations to describe the properties. The ArrayOf annotation is used to define arrays of Hit and PlatformBlock objects. This is where things can get tricky.

class Hit
{
    #[SchemaProperty(description: 'The URL of the product', required: true)]
    #[NotBlank]
    public string $url;

    #[SchemaProperty(description: 'The title of the product', required: true)]
    #[NotBlank]
    public string $title;

    #[SchemaProperty(description: 'The rating of the product', required: false)]
    #[NotBlank(allowNull: true)]
    public string $rating;

    #[SchemaProperty(description: 'The price of the product', required: false)]
    #[NotBlank(allowNull: true)]
    public string $price;
}

class PlatformBlock
{
    #[SchemaProperty(description: 'Name of the platform', required: true)]
    #[NotBlank]
    public string $platform;

    /** @var Hit[] */
    #[SchemaProperty(description: 'List of results for this platform', required: true)]
    #[NotBlank]
    #[ArrayOf(Hit::class)]
    public array $results;
}

class ProductSearchResponse
{
    /** @var PlatformBlock[] */
    #[SchemaProperty(description: 'Aggregated list grouped by platform', required: true)]
    #[NotBlank]
    #[ArrayOf(PlatformBlock::class)]
    public array $platforms;
}

The problem likely lies in how these annotations are being processed to generate the schema that's sent to OpenAI or Grok. The ArrayOf annotation should tell the schema generator to include the schema for the specified class (Hit or PlatformBlock) in the anyOf array. If it's not doing that, then the generated schema will have an empty anyOf, leading to the error.

Debugging Steps

  1. Verify Annotation Processing: Ensure that the Neuron AI framework is correctly processing the SchemaProperty and ArrayOf annotations. Double-check that the annotation reader or parser is functioning as expected.
  2. Inspect Generated Schema: Before sending the schema to OpenAI or Grok, inspect the generated schema to see what it looks like. You mentioned you printed the output format, but let's be super thorough. Make sure the anyOf array is actually empty, and that the schema for Hit and PlatformBlock are not present.
  3. Check Class Namespaces: Verify that the class names used in the ArrayOf annotations are fully qualified and correct. A simple typo or incorrect namespace can prevent the schema generator from finding the class and including it in the schema.
  4. Update Neuron AI: You're using version 2.6 of neuron-core/neuron-ai. Check if there are any updates or bug fixes related to schema generation in newer versions. Sometimes, these kinds of issues are resolved in later releases. Also, make sure you are using the latest version NotBlank.
  5. Review OpenAI Documentation: OpenAI's documentation might have specific requirements for the schema format. Ensure that the generated schema adheres to these requirements. There might be specific keywords or structures that OpenAI expects.

Potential Solutions

  1. Explicitly Define Schemas: Instead of relying solely on annotations, try explicitly defining the schemas for Hit and PlatformBlock and including them in the anyOf array manually. This can help you isolate the issue and confirm whether the annotation processing is the problem.
  2. Custom Schema Generation: If the annotation processing is not working correctly, consider implementing a custom schema generator that creates the schema based on the class structure. This gives you more control over the schema and allows you to ensure that the anyOf array is populated correctly.
  3. Simplify the Structure: Sometimes, overly complex structures can confuse the schema generator. Try simplifying the structure by removing unnecessary properties or nesting levels. This can help the generator create a valid schema.

Reproducing the Bug: A Step-by-Step Guide

To reproduce this error, follow these steps:

  1. Set Up Your Environment: Make sure you have Neuron AI version 2.6 installed and configured correctly. Ensure that you have access to OpenAI or Grok APIs.
  2. Define the Data Classes: Create the Hit, PlatformBlock, and ProductSearchResponse classes as shown in the code snippet above. Pay close attention to the annotations and ensure that they are correctly placed.
  3. Implement the Output Class: Implement the getOutputClass method to return the ProductSearchResponse class.
  4. Generate the Schema: Use the Neuron AI framework to generate the schema for the ProductSearchResponse class. This is the schema that will be sent to OpenAI or Grok.
  5. Inspect the Schema: Print the generated schema and examine the anyOf array. Verify that it is empty.
  6. Send the Request: Send a request to OpenAI or Grok using the generated schema. You should receive a 400 Bad Request error with the message [] should be non-empty.

By following these steps, you can reproduce the error and verify that the issue is indeed with the empty anyOf array.

Screenshots: A Visual Guide

The screenshot you provided is super helpful! It clearly shows the generated schema with the empty anyOf array. This confirms that the issue is with the schema generation process. Specifically, the ArrayOf annotations are not being correctly processed to include the schemas for Hit and PlatformBlock in the anyOf array.

Here's what to look for in the screenshot:

  • type: array: This indicates that the platforms property is an array.
  • items: { ... }: This describes the items in the array. The items object should contain the schema for the PlatformBlock class.
  • anyOf: []: This is where the problem lies. The anyOf array is empty, which means that the schema generator has not included the schema for PlatformBlock in the array.

The screenshot is a valuable piece of evidence that helps pinpoint the issue and guide the debugging process.

Neuron AI Version: The Devil's in the Details

You're using `